Working towards safe drinking water for everyone

Safe drinking water – available to everyone – is a fundamental requirement for public health. Drinking water can contain harmful germs such as Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Campylobacter, Salmonella and E. coli O157 that can cause serious illness.

Community and Public Health works on behalf of the Ministry of Health to facilitate improvement in the quality of community drinking water supplies throughout Canterbury, South Canterbury and the West Coast. Staff encourage the protection of drinking water sources and improvements in water quality through the following actions:

• Administering the requirements of the Health (Drinking Water) Amendment Act 2007;
• Assessing water suppliers compliance with the Drinking Water Standards for New Zealand;
• Assessing water safety plans from water suppliers;
• Assisting small water supplies via the Drinking Water Assistance Programme; and
• Submitting on resource consents and regional or district plans.

Download or read frequently asked questions (FAQ) sheet:

• How safe is my drinking water? [235KB PDF] – updated May 2018
• Information for households on their own water supply [203KB PDF].
• How do I disinfect my water tank? [12KB PDF].
• Information on water chlorination [252KB PDF].

Read the 2011 CDHB Position Statement on the Canterbury Water Management Strategy [124KB PDF].

Read the 2003 CDHB Position Statement on Water Fluoridation [113KB PDF].

Health risks of nitrates in drinking water from private bores

High levels of nitrate in drinking water may pose a significant health risk for the foetus of pregnant women and formula-fed infants through using drinking water.

• Download or read frequently asked questions (FAQ) about nitrates in drinking water [105KB PDF].
• Download or read the pamphlet “Nitrate in Drinking Water: Blue Baby Syndrome” [135KB PDF].

Regional councils monitor the nitrate levels in groundwater around their region. Environment Canterbury creates and updates maps showing the nitrate levels across Canterbury.

• Green areas are where nitrate concentrations in groundwater are always below the Maximum Acceptable Value (MAV).
• Red areas are where nitrate concentrations in groundwater are above the MAV most or all of the time and therefore alternative water sources should be used for drinking.
• Yellow areas are where it is not known if a sample collected from a well will have nitrate concentrations exceeding the MAV and testing is recommended.

Documents and Forms for Water Suppliers

• Health (Drinking Water) Amendment Act 2007
• Water Safety Plans – formerly Public Health Risk Management Plans [297KB PDF].
• Registering a new community drinking water supply [185KB PDF].
• Application for Water Supply Registration (WS01 Form) [103KB DOC].
• Water Carrier Registration Renewal (WC03 Form) [71KB DOC].

• Handbook for preparing a Water Safety Plan (Ministry of Health 2019)
• New Zealand Drinking-water Safety Plan Framework (Ministry of Health 2018)
• Drinking-water Standards for New Zealand 2005 – Revised 2018 (Ministry of Health)
• Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality Management for New Zealand (Ministry of Health 2017)

Downloads

Download or order resources from the Community Health Information Centre.

• Campylobacter, E. coli and Salmonella
• Nitrate in Drinking Water: “Blue Baby” Syndrome
• Secure Groundwater: Bores and Wells – only available to download.
• Water Collection Tanks and Safe Household Water

Links

• Drinking Water (Ministry of Health)
• Drinking Water Assistance Programme (Ministry of Health)
• Drinking Water in New Zealand (ESR)
• Community Water Fluoridation: Get the Facts (Ministry of Health)
• Government Inquiry into Havelock North Drinking Water Contamination (Department of Internal Affairs NZ)

Maps of Nitrate Risk in Canterbury Drinking Water

Environment Canterbury creates maps of nitrate risk for the water zones across Canterbury. These maps are current as at March 2020.

Download or view the map to find out the nitrate risk from private wells or bores in your region or area.

• Kāikoura Zone [538KB PDF].
• Hurunui-Waiau Zone [679KB PDF].
• Waimakariri Zone [655KB PDF].
• Christchurch-West Melton-Banks Peninsula Zone [490KB PDF].
• Selwyn-Waihora Zone [597KB PDF].
• Ashburton Zone [538KB PDF].
• Orari-Temuka-Opihi-Pareora Zone [660KB PDF].
• Upper Waitaki Zone [692KB PDF].
• Lower Waitaki South Coastal Canterbury Zone [679KB PDF].

Download the full ECan report on Risk maps of nitrate in Canterbury groundwater [PDF].

What to do if your area is under a boil water notice

A range of hazards and emergencies may contaminate your water supply and make it unsafe to drink or use. A boil water notice will be issued when this happens.

People living in the affected area should boil all water until further notice for:

• drinking;
• making up infant formula;
• preparing food; and
• cleaning teeth.

Find out more about boiling water and hand hygiene when your water is contaminated (Ministry of Health).

Getting the facts on fluoride

The Ministry of Health strongly supports water fluoridation as a safe, effective and affordable way to prevent and reduce tooth decay across the whole population. Most tooth decay is preventable, and water fluoridation is a simple way to prevent it.

The most recent nationwide New Zealand survey into oral health showed 40 percent less tooth decay on average for children living in fluoridated areas compared with non-fluoridated areas.

The NZ levels of fluoride used in community water fluoridation are carefully monitored and within the guidelines of the World Health Organization and other public health agencies.

• Visit the Community Water Fluoridation website for more facts on fluoride.
• Read the Review of the Benefits and Costs of Water Fluoridation in New Zealand (Ministry of Health 2016).